قسمت اول پادکست های BBC 6 Minute English

در بخش اول پادکست های ۶ دقیقه ای بی بی سی، ۶ لغت مهم با محوریت موضوع The Benefits Of Schadenfreude (فواید خوشحالی از بدحالی دیگران) بررسی می شود.

ابتدا پادکست را بدون متن گوش کنید. آن را دوباره  به همراه متن گوش دهید و در مرحله آخر لغات آن را مرور کنید.

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دانلود پادکست قسمت اول (Schadenfreude) قسمت BBC 6 Minute English

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دانلود Pdf متن پادکست این قسمت BBC 6 Minute English

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لغات این قسمت از BBC 6 Minute English

Schadenfreude (آلمانی) خوشحالی از بد حالی دیگران، خنک شدن دل (ناشي از حادثه بد براي ديگران)

Ex: I First Did Enjoy The Schadenfreude ,But Then I Was Filled With Remorse.

اولش از این اتفاق بدی که براش افتاد خوش حال شدم اما بعدش احساس پشیمونی کردم.

Loanword واژه قرضی،  واژه بیگانه

Ex: English Language Contains A Lot Of Loanwords From Persian.

زبان انگلیسی دارای واژه های قرضی زیادی از فارسی است.

Comeuppance سزای عمل بد

نکته: با فعل Get به معنی “به سزای عمل بد خود رسیدن”

Ex: You’ll Get Your Comeuppance One Day!

یه روزی به سزای عملت میرسی.

Justice عدالت

نکته: با فعل Serve استفاده می شود به معنی “عدالت را رعایت کردن”

Ex: Justice Has Not Been Served In This Country.

عدالت در این کشور رعایت نشده است.

Hypocrite دورو، ریاکار

Ex: A Hypocrite Pretends To Be Better And More Religious Than He Actually Is

آدم ریاکار خود را از آنچه که واقعا هست بهتر و مذهبی‌تر وانمود می کند.

Commiserate دل (به حال کسی) سوختن، همدردی کردن

نکته: با With به کار می رود.

Ex: I Just Wanted To Commiserate With You.

فقط می خواستم باهات همدردی کنم.

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نوبت شماست:

سعی کنید به سوال زیر پاسخ دهید و در پاسخ خود تمام لغات این قسمت را استفاده کنید.

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What is a Schadenfreude? Describe

جواب هاتون رو کامنت کنید…

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متن پادکست BBC 6 Minute English

Neil
Hello and welcome to 6 Minute English, I’m Neil. This is the programme where in just six minutes we discuss an interesting topic and teach some related English vocabulary. And joining me to do this is Rob. 

Rob
Hello.

Neil
In this programme we’re discussing schadenfreude. 

Rob
Hold on, Neil – schadenfreude – that’s a German word.

Neil
Schadenfreude is what we can call a loanword – a word from one language that is used in another language without being changed.

Rob
So you’re right – schadenfreude is used in English and am I right in thinking it describes the satisfying feeling you get when something bad happens to someone else?

Neil
You’re right, Rob. Imagine you’re in a queue at the supermarket and someone pushes in, but when they got to pay, their credit card doesn’t work – think of the feeling you might get just seeing their misfortune – another word for bad luck.

Rob
Yes, that is a very satisfying feeling – but it’s quite a mean feeling too.

Neil
It is but we’ll be discussing why that feeling could actually be good for us. But first, let’s set a question for you, Rob, and our listeners at home, to answer. This is about false cognates – also called false friends – words that look the same in two languages but have different meanings. So in English we have the word ‘rat’ but what does that mean in German? Is it…

a)    a big mouse
b)    annoyed or
c)    advice

Rob
That’s tricky because I don’t speak German. So I’ll guess and say b) annoyed. 

Neil
Well, I’ll have the answer later on. Now, let’s talk more about schadenfreude. Enjoying someone’s misfortune can certainly make us feel good.

Rob
And studies have shown this feeling is quite normal – particularly when is happens to someone we envy.  If we see a wealthy celebrity suffering on a reality TV show, or are exposed for not paying their taxes, we feel good. We say they’ve had their comeuppance.

Neil
That’s a good word – meaning a person’s bad luck that is considered to be deserved punishment for something bad that they have done.

Rob
Let’s hear from psychologist Wilco Van Dijk from the University of Leiden, who’s been talking about this on the BBC Radio 4 programme, All in the Mind. What have his studies found about our enjoyment of others misfortune?

Wilco Van Dijk, psychologist, University of Leiden
People especially feel schadenfreude when they think the misfortune is deserved. Then the question is where this joy arises, is this actually joy experienced towards the misfortune of others or is it also at least partly about a just situation – that this misfortune of another actually appeals to a sense of justice. That’s also the reason why we like the misfortune of hypocrites because if they fall down that also is a deserved situation.

Neil
OK, so Wilco Van Dijk’s studies found we get joy when someone’s misfortune is deserved – there is justice – in other words, the punishment someone receives is fair.

Rob
And a just situation means a fair situation – it is right. So I guess he’s saying we’re not just being mean. 

Neil
Yes. And he also mentioned the type of people whose misfortune is just and deserved, are hypocrites – people who claim to have certain moral beliefs but actually behave in a way that shows they are not sincere.

Rob
The All in the Mind programme also heard from another expert on the subject – author and historian of emotions, Dr Tiffany Watt-Smith. She talked about how schadenfreude is a subjective thing – based on our feelings – and it’s not as simple as deciding what is right or wrong. What word does she use that means to express sympathy to someone about someone’s bad luck?

Dr Tiffany Watt-Smith, author and historian of emotions
We don’t really experience emotions, you know, as either-or things, it’s not black or white. I think it’s perfectly reasonable that we could genuinely commiserate with someone else’s misfortune at the same time as a terrible sly smile spreading across our lips because, you know, something we’ve envied about them has turned out not to work out so well or whatever it is. You know, we have a much deeper ability to hold contradictory emotions in mind, much more so than your average moral philosopher would allow.

Neil
Interesting stuff. She says when something goes wrong for someone, we have the ability to commiserate with them – that’s the word for expressing sympathy to someone about their bad luck.

Rob
So overall, Tiffany Watt-Smith thinks we have a range of emotions when we experience schadenfreude – but these are contradictory emotions – different and opposite emotions. Maybe, Neil, we should just be nicer people?

Neil
No way! I loved seeing Germany getting knocked out of last year’s World Cup – not really! Talking of Germany, earlier we mentioned false friends and I asked in English we have the word ‘rat’ but what does that mean in German? Is it…
a)    a big mouse
b)    annoyed
c)    advice
And, Rob, you said…

Rob
I said b) annoyed.

Neil
And that is the wrong answer, I’m afraid. The right answer is c) advice. Well done if you knew that at home. Now on to the vocabulary we looked at in this programme. 

Rob
So today we’ve been talking about schadenfreude – that describes the satisfying feeling you get when something bad happens to someone else.

Neil
And that’s an example of a loanword – a word from one language that is used in another language without being changed. In this case German.

Rob
We mentioned comeuppance which describes a person’s misfortune that is considered to be deserved punishment for something bad that they’ve done.

Neil
Next we mentioned justice – that’s the punishment someone receives that is fair for what they’ve done. And the word just describes something that is fair and right.

Rob
Hypocrites are people who claim to have certain moral beliefs but actually behave in a way that shows they are not sincere.

Neil
And finally commiserate is a word that means expressing sympathy to someone about their bad luck. That’s the verb. The noun form is commiseration.

Rob
Well commiserations, Neil. We’ve run out of time for this programme. See you soon, goodbye.

Neil
Goodbye!

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